Introduction

MERN is one of several variations of the MEAN stack (MongoDB Express Angular Node), where the traditional Angular.js front-end framework is replaced with React.js. Other variants include MEVN (MongoDB, Express, Vue, Node), and really any front-end JavaScript framework can work with this stack.

What is MERN stack ?

MERN stands for MongoDB, Express, React, Node, after the four key technologies that make up the stack. MERN Stack is a compilation of four different technologies that work together to develop dynamic web apps and websites. It is a contraction for four different technologies as mentioned below:

• MongoDB — document database
• Express(.js) — Node.js web framework
• React(.js) — a client-side JavaScript framework
• Node(.js) — the premier JavaScript web serve

MERN Stack Components

There are four components of the MERN stack. Let’s discuss each of them one by one.

• The first component is MongoDB, which is a NoSQL database management system
• The second MERN stack component is Express JS. It is a backend web application framework for NodeJS
• The third component is ReactJS, a JavaScript library for developing UIs based on UI components
• The final component of the MERN stack is NodeJS. It is a JS runtime environment, i.e., it enables running JavaScript code outside the browser

MongoDB
MongoDB is a NoSQL DBMS where data is stored in the form of documents having key-value pairs similar to JSON objects. MongoDB enables users to create databases, schemas, and tables. It offers the Mongo shell that provides a JS interface for deleting, querying, and updating the records.

Express JS
Express JS is a NodeJS framework that simplifies writing the backend code. It saves you from creating multiple Node modules. For keeping the code precise, Express JS offers a range of middleware.

ReactJS
ReactJS is a JS library that allows the development of user interfaces for mobile apps and SPAs. It allows you to code JavaScript and develop UI components. The JS library uses virtual DOM for doing everything.

NodeJSNodeJS is an open-source JavaScript runtime environment that allows users to run code on the server. It comes with the node package manager, enabling users to select from a wide selection of node modules or packages. Being developed on the Chrome JavaScript Engine enables Node to execute code faster.

Pros of using MERN.

1. Performance and UI Rendering
When it comes to UI layer abstraction, React development is the best. Because React is just a library, you have complete control over building your app and organizing your code. As a result, it outperforms Angular in terms of UI rendering and performance.

2. Budget-Friendly
Because the MERN Stack only uses one language, JavaScript, it will be more cost-effective to hire JavaScript experts rather than different specialists for different technologies. This decision will save both time and money.

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